Plastic electroplating-Definition and classification of electroplating
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With the continuous subdivision of industrial production, new processes and new materials continue to emerge, and the design effects applied in actual products are also changing with each passing day. Electroplating is a process that we often involve in design, and the electroplating effect is an effect that we use it for a long time and the process is relatively mature. There are already many applications of this process in our products. We hope to make some design reference documents by summarizing our existing experience. The plating effect can be better applied to our design and more reasonably applied to our design, which can bring some convenience to future work. Through this process, we can usually obtain some metallic color effects, such as high light, matt, etc., which are combined with different effects to constitute the difference in the effects of the product. Through this process, we add a highlight to the design of the product.
1. Definition of electroplating
2. Electroplating is the process of using electrolysis to deposit a metal or alloy on the surface of a workpiece to form a uniform, dense and well-bonded metal layer. It is called electroplating. A simple understanding is a change or combination of physics and chemistry.
The application of electroplating process is generally used for the following purposes:
a. Anti-corrosion
b. Protective decoration
c. Wear resistance
d. Electrical properties: Provide conductive or insulating coating according to the working requirements of the parts
e. Process requirements
2. Introduction to common coating methods
Here is an analysis and introduction of some similar and electroplating processes. The following processes are all related to our electroplating processes. Through this introduction, we will have a perceptual understanding of these processes.
Electroless plating (autocatalytic plating)
On the activated substrate surface, metal ions in the plating solution are catalytically reduced to form a metal coating. This is a process project that is involved in most of our processes. Through this process, post-plating and other treatments can be carried out, which is mostly used as a pretreatment process for plastic parts.
electroplating
The process of using electrolysis to form a uniform, dense, and well-bonded metal or alloy deposition layer on the surface of a part is quite complicated, but it has many advantages, such as more types of metals deposited and a variety of colors that can be obtained., the price is relatively low compared to similar processes.
electroforming
The process of making or replicating a metal article by electrolysis that deposits metal on a mold (which separates the mold from the metal deposit). This treatment method is used when the final part is required to have special surface effects, such as clear and obvious polishing and etching separation lines or special acute angles. Generally, after using copper as the shape of a part, the alloy is deposited on the surface through electroplating process, usually with a thickness of tens of millimeters. Then the cavities are cut open and inserted into the cavities of the mold respectively, and the plastic parts are injected. The parts treated in this way will have special effects on the boundaries of edges and corners and several surfaces, meeting the needs of design. Usually, we see many plastic parts with clear boundaries between high-gloss and etching plating effects after plating, which require high quality. They usually use this method for design. If the keyboard with sharp edges as seen in the following figure is manufactured using electroforming process, it will achieve a good appearance.
Vacuum plating
Vacuum plating mainly includes several types of vacuum evaporation, sputtering and ion plating. They all use vacuum conditions to deposit various metal and non-metallic films on the surface of plastic parts through distillation or sputtering. In this way, a very thin surface coating can be obtained and has the outstanding advantages of fast speed and good adhesion. However, the price is also high. There are few types of metals that can be manipulated. It is generally used as functional coatings for higher-end products. For example, as an internal shield.
