In a narrow sense, electroplating stems from the discovery of electricity. From the discovery of animal current by Galvani in 1792 to the invention of the battery pack by Volt in 1800, Brugately used the battery pack to successfully plate gold onto silver in 1805, and the two Elkintons obtained the first electroplating patent. With the maturity of electrochemical science, its relationship with the electroplating process has gradually been understood, and other types of non-decorative metal electroplating processes have been developed. Electroplating is a surface engineering technology for decorating and protecting the surface of the substrate and obtaining certain special properties. Earliest
The published literature on electroplating is the silver plating process proposed by the Italian professor Brug-natelli in 1800, and in 1805 he proposed the gold plating process. By 1840, the British Elkington applied for the first patent for cyanide silver plating, and it was produced in industry. This was the beginning of the electroplating industry. The silver plating electrolyte he proposed has been used today. In Xiang Nian, Jaohi obtained the first patent for electroplating steel from an acidic solution. In 1843, acid copper sulfate copper plating was used in industrial production. In 1915, acid sulfate copper plating was realized on the surface of steel. In 1917, tnr proposed cyanide zinc plating 1923-1924 noon. C. Pi ML and GH. ErRc proposed an industrial method of chromium plating, so that electroplating gradually developed into a complete electrochemical engineering system. Electroplating of alloys began with copper-zinc alloy (brass) and precious gold alloy plating in the 1940s of the 19th century. Because the alloy coating has better performance than the single metal coating, people are paying more and more attention to the research of alloy electrodeposition. It has developed from the initial decorative white alloy coating to the decoration, protection and functional parts. Combined with the research of the new alloy coating. There are about 250 kinds of alloy plating that can be obtained by electrodeposition, but only more than 30 kinds are used for production. Representative coatings: Cu——Zn, Cu——Sn, Ni——Co, Pb——Sn, Sn——Ni, Cd——Ti, Zn——Sn, Ni——Fe, Au——Co , Pb-Sn-Cu, with the rapid development of science and technology and industry. People put forward higher requirements for their own living environment. In 1989, the Industrial and Environmental Planning Center of the United Nations Environment Program put forward the concept of "cleaner production". As a heavily polluting industry, electroplating is in urgent need of this backward process and adopts new processes that conform to "cleaner production". American scholar J. B. K Mskncr introduced countercurrent cleaning technology, which greatly saves water resources, and has received general attention from the electroplating industry in various countries. In the electroplating production, various low-toxic and non-toxic electroplating processes are developed, such as non-cyanide electroplating, hexavalent chromium electroplating, cadmium electroplating, fluorine-free and lead-free electroplating, which reduces serious pollution electroplating processes from the source. DacromM and GeoMt have been used as new surface anti-corrosion technologies to replace electro-galvanizing, hot-dip galvanizing, etc., while achieving the protection of the steel substrate, it also reduces the production during the electroplating process. Discharge of heavy metal wastewater such as acid, alkali, zinc, eutropium, etc. and various wastewater [6].
The development of my country's electroplating industry was after the founding of New China. With the development of large-scale economic construction, the machine manufacturing industry developed rapidly. Large-scale automobile and tractor manufacturing plants, aircraft manufacturing plants, electronic plants, and instrumentation plants were established one after another. . Some old enterprises have also been expanded and transformed. All newly-built and rebuilt machine manufacturing companies are small, and most of them have electroplating workshops for production, which provides a material foundation for the development of the electroplating industry in my country. With the country's reform and opening up and the progress of science and technology, my country's electroplating industry has made new developments in the past two decades.
