Plastic plating-Electroplating products used in Aerospace Industry.
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The aerospace industry is one of the major users of electroless nickel plating. A more prominent application example is the Oklahoma Aviation Logistics Center in the United States since 1979. And Northwest Airlines have used electroless nickel plating technology to repair aircraft engine parts since 1983. Pratt-Whitney's JT8D jet engine has been discontinued, but thousands of them are still used on Boeing 727 and McDonnell DC-9 aircraft because a high-phosphorus, compressive-stress electroless nickel plating technology is used to repair the impellers of six JT8D jet engines, ensuring their reuse. On the blades of turbines or compressors of aero-engines, Ni-P alloy electroless plating is usually 25~75um to prevent gas corrosion, and its fatigue strength is reduced by 25% less than chromium plating. The Oklahoma Aviation Logistics Center uses ultra-thick electroless nickel plating to repair aircraft parts up to 275~750um. The rework rate of the original electroplating process is up to 50%, and the qualified rate after electroless nickel plating is more than 90%, which shows that obvious economic benefits have been achieved. After electroless nickel plating, the life of the auxiliary generator (APU) on the aircraft is increased by 3 to 4 times. The main bearing surface of the 8.2t turbine engine is electroless nickel-plated 100um to prevent vibration damage caused by start-up and shutdown.
In order to reduce weight, aluminum alloy parts are widely used in aviation industry, which are not only corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant, but also weldable after surface strengthening by electroless nickel plating, such as the piston head of stroke engine is improved by electroless nickel plating. Other titanium alloy parts and beryllium alloy parts adopt low stress and compressive stress electroless nickel plating surface protection and other measures.
Nickel + thallium + boron ternary alloy electroless plating (NTB) has been designated as the surface strengthening process for more than 160 parts on Pratt-Whitney jet engines to resist abrasion and fretting wear, such as NTB electroless plating for jet engine spindle seals. The US Air Force requires engine manufacturers to provide 4000 tactical cycles, when the wear is up to 0.178mm, so it must be disassembled and repaired. The wear of the spindle seal surface is significantly reduced after NTB electroless plating, and the wear after 4000 tactical cycles is about 0.008mm.
Metal light mirrors are widely used in aerospace systems, and their substrate is beryllium or aluminum with high strength and light weight. Strengthened by special electroless nickel plating, this kind of electroless nickel plating with a phosphorus content of 12.2% to 12.7% can be polished to 9%. Such a high precision has excellent performance in space that requires low inertia.
Although the electroless plating industry in China started relatively late, through the unremitting efforts of various scientific research institutions since the 1990s, it now has mature technology and experience, and an assembly line for electroless nickel plating of aircraft parts has been built in Luoyang, China.
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