Summary Of Plastic Plating-trivalent Chromium Plating

Summary of plastic plating-trivalent Chromium plating.
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For a long time, hexavalent chromium plating solution is usually used for chromium plating. In recent years, due to the pollution impact of hexavalent chromium on the environment, the research on trivalent chromium plating has been intensified. In fact, trivalent chromium has been proposed to replace hexavalent chromium for a long time. Compared with hexavalent chromium plating, trivalent chromium plating has many excellent characteristics, but there are also some problems in practical application, and its platability is limited. Therefore, functional chromium plating with trivalent chromium has not been widely used in practice. The mechanism and prospect of trivalent chromium plating are also introduced, and the problems to be further studied are put forward.
Hexavalent chromium is toxic and pollutes the environment seriously. Chromic anhydride is widely used in chromium plating solution, which is the main pollution source of chromium-containing wastewater in electroplating industry. This problem has aroused widespread concern, and governments of various countries have also strengthened the regulation of legislation. For example, the emission standard of hexavalent chromium in the United States has been reduced from 0.05mg/L to 0.01mg/L, and has been implemented since 1997. The low current efficiency and poor covering ability of hexavalent chromium plating bath are also a problem. In order to fundamentally reduce pollution and improve current efficiency and coverage capacity, trivalent chromium plating process is becoming more and more popular.
Trivalent chromium plating has a history of more than 100 years since the first paper was published by Bunsen in 1854. Because some technical problems are difficult to break through, the progress is relatively slow. In the 1970s, with the development of science and technology, the increase of chemical raw materials and the further enhancement of people's awareness of environmental protection, the research of trivalent chromium plating was put on the agenda of electroplating workers. In 1974, the UK published Alecra-3 's trivalent chromium plating process, and in 1975 applied for a trivalent chromium plating patent using chromium trichloride as the main salt, namely Alecra-3000. In 1981, the UK developed the trivalent chromium plating process of environmentally friendly chromium (Envir0-chome) based on sulfate. In this process, the selective ion diaphragm is used to separate the cathode area from the anode area, so as to avoid the harm of hexavalent chromium oxidized on the anode plate to the trivalent chromium plating bath. Almost at the same time, Harsha0 Company of the United States also developed Tri-chrome trivalent chromium plating process.